Hijri Year
Sabtu, 19 Desember 2009
The Hijra (هِجْرَة), or withdrawal, is the emigration of Muhammad and his followers to the city of Medina in 622, and marks the start of the Hijri year of the Islamic calendar. The year 2009 AD corresponds to the Islamic Year 1430 AH. While sometimes translated as pilgrimage, Hijra means something like a journey. It generally conotes a migration, specifically the migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina.
Alternate spellings of this Arabic word in the Latin alphabet are Hijrah, or Hegira in Latin
On the actual year the migration took place, there was already a functioning Lunar Calendar with named months. However, this calendar did not number the years, so for example, the year Muhammad and Ammar ibn Yasir were born was called The Year of the Elephant.
The actual event of migration started in Thursday 26 in the Month of Safar AH 1 (9 September 622) of that year.
That year was named The permission to travel. 17 years later, that year was chosen as the year to start counting from: first year of Hijra, 1 After Hijra or 1 AH. The first day of 1 AH, corresponds to Friday July 16th, 622 CE in the Julian Calendar.
The Muslim dates are in the Islamic calendar extended back in time. The Western dates are in the Julian calendar. The Hijra is celebrated annually on 8 Rabi' I, about 66 days after 1 Muharram, the first day of the Muslim year. Many writers confuse the first day of the year of the Hijra with the date of the Migration to Medina itself, erroneously stating that the Hijra occurred on 1 Muharram AH 1 or 16 July 622.
All dates given above may have occurred about 89 days (three lunar months) earlier in the Julian calendar. The calendar conversions quoted above may not have been corrected by early Muslims for the intercalary months (probably three) which had been inserted in the lunar calendar between the year of the Hijra and the year of Muhammad's last Hajj (AH 10), when intercalary months were forbidden.
Alternate spellings of this Arabic word in the Latin alphabet are Hijrah, or Hegira in Latin
On the actual year the migration took place, there was already a functioning Lunar Calendar with named months. However, this calendar did not number the years, so for example, the year Muhammad and Ammar ibn Yasir were born was called The Year of the Elephant.
The actual event of migration started in Thursday 26 in the Month of Safar AH 1 (9 September 622) of that year.
That year was named The permission to travel. 17 years later, that year was chosen as the year to start counting from: first year of Hijra, 1 After Hijra or 1 AH. The first day of 1 AH, corresponds to Friday July 16th, 622 CE in the Julian Calendar.
The Muslim dates are in the Islamic calendar extended back in time. The Western dates are in the Julian calendar. The Hijra is celebrated annually on 8 Rabi' I, about 66 days after 1 Muharram, the first day of the Muslim year. Many writers confuse the first day of the year of the Hijra with the date of the Migration to Medina itself, erroneously stating that the Hijra occurred on 1 Muharram AH 1 or 16 July 622.
All dates given above may have occurred about 89 days (three lunar months) earlier in the Julian calendar. The calendar conversions quoted above may not have been corrected by early Muslims for the intercalary months (probably three) which had been inserted in the lunar calendar between the year of the Hijra and the year of Muhammad's last Hajj (AH 10), when intercalary months were forbidden.
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